Hist 486: North American Constitutional History              Instructor:  Max Geier (geierm@wou.edu)                         Phone: 838-8369

Fall 2002http://www.wou.edu/las/socsci/faculty/geier.htm Office: HSS 231A                       Office Hours: MWF 10-12; TR 3:30-5, appt.              

Required Texts:  successful completion of this course will require a thorough grasp of assigned readings in the following texts:

Krum       1. Marc W. Kruman, Between Authority and Liberty:  State Constitution Making in Revolutionary America (UNC Press, 1997)

Corn        2. Saul Cornell, The Other Founders: Anti-Federalism and the Dissenting Tradition in America, 1788-1828 (UNC Press, 1999).

Hall         3. Kermit L. Hall, Major Problems in American Constitutional History, Volume I:  (D.C. Heath & Co., 1992)

[pack]      4. See list of readings on reverse of this syllabus [available in HST 486 packet from the Social Science office in HSS 231]               

Course Objectives:  This is the second of a 3-quarter sequence in Constitutional History that may be taken independently or sequentially (absolutely no pre-requisites). The first quarter (HST 485) explores the origins of constitutional authority in the English common law in relation to the emergence of a British Empire.  This second quarter (HST 486) explores the concept of constitutional authority with a comparative analysis of developments in British North America (Canada) and the United States from the early colonial period through the constitutional crises of the mid-19th century.  The third quarter (HST 487) focuses on the Constitutional History of the United States with an emphasis on case-law from the revolutionary era through the present.  Students in each of these courses develop skills of critical reading, analysis of primary and secondary sources, and written and oral methods of historical synthesis.                

Schedule of Assignment Deadlines, Discussion Themes, and Readings to be completed by Thursday for the week of:                      

Oct 1 & Oct  3               Constitutionalism and traditions of authority in the colonial era

1.        What was the nature of constitutional authority in Colonial North America before 1700?

2.        How did traditions of constitutional authority in colonies acquired from France differ from those in British colonies before 1763?

Readings (Read for AP #1): Hall, pp. 1-61, 62-66;  [pack]: Riddell, pp. 1-9;  Articles of Capitulation of Quebec and Montreal                      

Oct 8 & Oct 10              Republicanism and ideals of constitutional authority in the revolutionary era

1.        What was the relation between the Proclamation of 1763, the Quebec Act, and traditions of constitutional authority?

2.        How did advocates of revolution reconcile constitutional authority and violent insurrection?

3.        What characteristics did the revolutionary constitutions share and what were their most significant points of difference?

Readings (Read for AP #1): Hall, 71-119;  Krum, 1-60;  [pack]: Riddell, 8-17;  Proclamation of 1763&Treaty of Paris; Quebec Act of 1774

Analysis Paper #1 due Tuesday, 15 October

Prospectus due Thursday, 17 October                                                                                                                                                              

Oct 15 & Oct 17            Power and state authority under the Articles of Confederation

        1. How did the revolutionary generation distribute powers in the state constitutions and why?

        2. How did the Articles of Confederation compare with North American traditions of constitutional authority before 1787?

Readings (Read for AP#2):  Articles of Confederation (Hall appendix, pp. i-vii);  Krum, 61-154;  Corn, 1-15;  [pack]:  Rawlyk, pp. 20-40

Oct 22 & Oct 24            Constitutional reforms in the North American context, 1787-1791

1.        What were the priorities of the constitutional reform movement of the late 1780s, and why were they unpopular?

2.        How did constitutional reforms in the United States compare with constitutional reforms in the Canadas after 1787?

Readings (Read for AP#2):  Hall, 120-178;  Corn,. 51-68, 81-120;  [pack]:  Upton, pp. 41-61; The Constitutional Act of 1791;                     

Analysis Paper #2 due Tuesday, 29 October                                                                                                                                                    

Oct 29 & Oct 31            Legitimate authority and citizenship in the era of constitutional reform

1.        What were the most effective arguments against the constitutional reform movement and why did they fail in the United States?

2.        How did the constitutional reform movement of the late 1780s affect definitions of citizenship rights and privileges?

Readings (Read for AP#3):  Hall, pp. 178-220;  Corn, pp. 68-80, 121-146; [pack]: Riddell, pp. 52-61; Doll, pp. 237-260                             

Nov 5 & Nov 7               The new republicanism and the ideal of loyalty in the era of the French Revolution

        1. How did the new constitutions of 1789 and 1791 affect ideas of nationalism and loyal opposition in the North America?

        2. How did effectively did the new constitutions resolve the issue of regional differences in the Canadas and the United States?

Readings (Read for AP#3): Hall, pp. 202-231;  Corn 147-199;  [pack]: Coupland, pp. v-xxi; Wise, pp. 62-94; Wallot, pp. 95-121                

Analysis Paper #3 due Tuesday, 12 November                                                                                                                                                

Nov 12 & Nov 14           Political dissent and the jurisprudence of original intent

1.        How did the question of original intent become important to political thought in the United States?

2.        What was the relation between revolutionary ideals and the need for constitutional adaptation?

Readings (Read for AP#4):  Corn, pp. 200-287;  Hall, pp. 253-275                                                                                                                 

Nov 19 & Nov 21           Constitutional adaptations and the re-interpretation of original intent

1.        How did the American and Canadian constitutional systems adapt to the capitalist transformation of the early 1800s?  Results?

2.        What were the most important shortcomings of the American and Canadian systems of constitutional reform?  Results?

Readings (Read for AP#4):  Hall, pp. 314-332, 428-451;  [pack]: Buckner, pp. 47-92                                                                                     

Analysis Paper #4 due Tuesday, 26 November                                                                                                                                                

Nov 26 & Thanksgiving       Constitutional authority and martial law in the Canadas and the United States

1.        How did Andrew Jackson reconcile a militant nationalist agenda with constitutional limitations on national & executive authority?

2.        How did militant nationalism in the United States influence British priorities for constitutional reform in the Canadas?

Readings (Read for Final Exam): Hall, 350-363, 378-404;  [pack]: Buckner, pp. 176-249; The Union Act of 1840                                        

Library Review Project due Tuesday, 3 December                                                                                                                                          

Dec 3 & Dec 5               Constitutional authority in the era of expansionist nationalism

        1. Why did both Canada and the United States face constitutional crises in the 1830s and in the 1860s?  Compare and contrast the results?

        2. How did the Confederate Constitution of 1861 compare with the British North America Act of 1867 and the 14th amendment?

Readings (Read for Final Exam):  Hall, 491-510;  Corn, 303-308;  [pack]; Coupland, xxi-lxvii;  British North America Act of 1867             

Final Exam Week: December 9-13 (see schedule of classes for final exam time)                                                                                      

Opportunity for Grade:                                                 Percentage of Grade for the Course                               Due By

                        Analysis papers (#’s 1, 2, 3, and 4)                                           30                                                      see above

                        Class Participation                                                                      30                                                      regular attendance

                        Prospectus (for Library Project, below)                                                                                               Thursday, 17 Oct

                        Library Review Project (including prospectus, see below)        20                                                      Tuesday, 3 Dec

                        Final Exam                                                                                  20                                                      See Class Schedule

 

Final Examination Format:  Blue books and an ink writing utensil are required.  The final consists of two essay questions and a matching/short-answer essay section.  Questions and ID items may be drawn from assigned readings, lectures, discussions, and/or student presentations.  One of the 2 essay questions will focus primarily on readings from the last 2 weeks of the course.  The other question will address continuing, major themes for the course, as identified on review questions provided in advance of the final.  Each essay question is worth a maximum of 30 points, and the matching/short-answer essay section is worth a maximum of 40 points.  Essays are graded on the extent to which they present a complete, coherent response to the question with accurate examples from readings, discussions, and lectures that are appropriate to the question and supportive of the argument presented in the essay.  All exam elements assume familiarity with readings, lectures, and discussions.

 

Class Participtation:  Discussions are an important component of this class, and the weekly focus questions are designed to encourage an informed discussion of issues addressed in the assigned readings and lectures.  Daily attendance is required.  Credit will be deducted for any absences.  Credit for active (constructive) participation is noted after each meeting.  Constructive participation includes active and considerate listening as well as verbal expression.

 

Analysis papers:  Analysis papers are intended to facilitate an informed discussion of themes and issues addressed in readings and lectures/discussions for each 2-week section of the course.  Each student is expected to complete a thematic, written analysis of readings assigned for those 2 weeks, relating those materials to continuing, ongoing themes of the course as presented in previous readings, lectures, and discussions.  Commentary should be limited to 2-3 single-spaced, typed pages  (in a font size no smaller than 11-point, times-roman), or approximately 1000-1500 words for each analysis paper.

·          All students are expected to complete all readings assigned for each week before Thursday of the week for which they are assigned.   The analysis papers should be thematic essays that present a critical argument that demonstrates an understanding (not a summary) of the scope, breadth, significance, and purpose of issues addressed in those readings as they relate to themes addressed in lectures, discussions, and other readings from the current and previous weeks.  Note that the syllabus includes focus questions for each week's readings as a general guide to completing this assignment.  It is a good idea to consult with the instructor and discuss your ideas before the due date for each analysis paper, either by raising questions during regular class meetings, or by scheduling an appointment during office hours, or both.

·          Analysis papers are graded on a scale of 0 to 10 (10=superior, 9=excellent, 8=good, 7=adequate, 6=marginal, 5 and below=weak).  The total for all analysis papers added together accounts for 30% of the final grade for this course.  Grading criteria include: organization, accuracy, clarity of argument (or thesis), the extent to which the material addressed in the analysis paper demonstrates a clear understanding of the general scope of readings assigned for those 2 weeks, and the extent to which the analysis paper relates readings from those weeks to previous themes from readings, discussions, and lectures.

 

Focus Project (or presentation) and Prospectus: This assignment is intended to encourage exploration of a topic of particular interest beyond the readings assigned for this course.  The prospectus is a brief (one-page) statement of the intended topic, including the historiographic and constitutional issues context of that issue and a preliminary list of sources.  The project requires each student is required to locate in the library (or through inter-library loan) at least two (2) monographs (book) exploring, in depth, a particular topic pertaining to Constitutional History in the period between 1763 and 1867 and at least two (2) journal articles directly relevant to the central theme of those monographs.  Alternatively, students may select at least six (6) journal articles exploring, from varying perspectives, a particular issue or theme pertaining to this era of North American History.  In either case, at least one of the journal articles should include a discussion of the historiographical context and development of that issue.  Each student should schedule a meeting with the instructor during the first 3 weeks of class to identify a topic for the Library Review Project and agree on which of these two options would be most suited to that topic.  Using these library sources, along with other course materials (readings, lectures, discussions), the student should draft a critical review of the selected topic in a typed, double-spaced paper of 6-8 pages in a font size no smaller than 11 Times-Roman.  A presentation option is available on prior consultation with the instructor (this option is only available if indicated on a prospectus submitted in a timely manner).

Citation Guidelines for Analysis Papers and Focus Projects:  Historians generally adhere to the style and citation requirements laid down in the Chicago Manual of Style.  Those guidelines are available in a highly abbreviated format suited to the needs of this course (Rampolla's Handbook for Writing in History ), which is available for purchase from the History section of the WOU bookstore. ALL ANALYSIS PAPERS AND FOCUS PROJECT PAPERS submitted for a grade in this course MUST ADHERE TO THE CONVENTIONS OF PROPER ENGLISH USAGE AND THEY MUST FULLY CITE ANY AND ALL SOURCES REFERENCED, QUOTED, OR OTHERWISE CONSULTED in the course of generating or developing ideas for these assignments.  Students are expected to familiarize themselves with, and adhere to the WOU student code of conduct in all matters pertaining to this class.

 

List of Materials in reading packets: The following materials are available in packet form from the Social Science office (HSS 231) and are required for successful completion of this course:

Riddell. 1-8, 8-17, 52-61:  William R. Riddell, The Constitution of Canada in its History and Practical Working (Oxford, MDCCCCXVII)

Rawlyk, pp. 20-40:  George Rawlyk, “The 1770s”, in J.M.S. Careless (ed.) Colonists & Canadiens (McMillan, 1971)

Upton, pp. 41-61:  Leslie Upton, “The 1780s”, in J.M.S. Careless (ed.) Colonists & Canadiens

Doll, pp. 237-260:  Peter M. Doll, Revolution, Religion, and National Identity (London: Associated University Presses, 2000)

Coupland, pp. v-xxi, xxi-lxvii:  Sir Reginald Coupland, The Durham Report (Oxford, 1945)

Wise, pp. 62-94:  S.F. Wise, “The 1790s”, in J.M.S. Careless (ed.) Colonists & Canadiens

Wallot, pp. 95-121:  Jean-Pierre Wallot, “The 1800s”, in J.M.S. Careless (ed.) Colonists & Canadiens

Buckner, pp. 47-92, 176-249:  Phillip A. Buckner, The Transition to Responsible Government (Westport, CN: Greenwood Press, 1985)

The packet also includes copies of the following public documents of British North America and Canada:

Articles of Capitulation of Quebec (1759)                                                             The Quebec Act of 1774

Articles of Capitulation of Montreal (1760)                                                          The Constitutional Act of 1791

Proclamation of 1763                                                                                              1840 Union Act

Treaty of Paris of 1763                                                                                          British North America Act of 1867